The role of institutions in the evolution of democracy. A comparative study of the USA and Uzbekistan.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Kulcsszavak: | Autocracy Checks and balances constitution corruption Cronyism democracy Economic institutions Executive Freedom of speech Human rights Impeachment Judiciary Legislature Nepotism Political institutions Political parties Political repression Separation of powers The mass media The rule of law The USA Uzbekistan |
| Online Access: | http://dolgozattar.uni-bge.hu/56604 |
| Abstract: | After the collapse of the USSR, the world witnessed the emergence of 15 new countries. Being one of them, Uzbekistan declared its independence on August 31, 1991. At that time, there were two paths before Uzbekistan to choose. While democracy was the first option, totalitarianism was the other. The then government, under President of I. Karimov, opted for the latter one. This decision hindered Uzbekistan from full-capacity development. One person’s ambition to stay in power for as long as possible caused many ordinary people sorrow, death and forced many, who opposed the regime, to leave the country. During his reign, many institutions have decayed including judicial, electoral and the mass media. The decay of essential institutions caused degradation of social services, which has been discussed in great details in paper. Current situation is no better than the previous one. The attempt to stay in power, at the cost of breaching constitution and human rights, is still ongoing even under new President Sh. Mirziyoyev. The main reason for what has happened and happening in Uzbekistan is to be attributed to inadequate democratic institutions. The study employed a qualitative approach to compare institutions of the USA and Uzbekistan. This thesis looked at such institutions as electoral systems, separation of powers, rule of law as well as free and independent media. Data was collected through a literature review, academic journals, official reports, case studies, and questionnaires to find out the impact of institutional arrangements on the evolution of democracy in target countries, similarities and differences in institutional arrangements and the factors pulling back Uzbekistan from political transition. |
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